TAIJIQUAN FOR HEALTH, COMBAT AND SPIRITUAL CULTIVATION

Taijiquan in combat

Using "Low Single Whip" to counter a high kick

What does Taijiquan mean?

Taijiquan (Tai Chi Chuan) is a wonderful martial art. Besides being very effective for combat it is also excellent for health promotion and spiritual cultivation. Many people, however, are not aware of its combative and spiritual aspects. Even those who practise Taijiquan solely for health often do not get the best benefits of its health aspect. This article will explain why, and suggest ways you may adopt to get more benefits from your Taijiquan training.

The term "Taijiquan" is a short form of "Taiji quanfa". "Taiji" is the Chinese word meaning the "grand ultimate" or the Cosmos. And "quanfa" means "fist techniques" or martial art. Taijiquan, therefore, means "Cosmos Kungfu". Indeed every movement in Taijiquan is made according to martial considerations, i.e. a Taijiquan practitioner moves the way he moves in a Taijiquan performance because that particular way gives him the best technical advantage in a given combat situation. Hence if you say that you practise Taijiquan for health and not for fighting, you probably do not realize that Taijiquan actually means Cosmos martial art, and that virtually all great Taijiquan masters in the past practised it for fighting.

Taijiquan for Health

This of course does not mean that you cannot practise Taijiquan for health. Indeed most people who practise Taijiquan all over the world today do so for health reasons, and Taijiquan is excellent for promoting health. But you should remember the following two points if you want more benefits from your Taijiquan training. One, Taijiquan is basically a martial art, and two, even if your main intention of practising Taijiquan is for health and not for combat, you should practise it as a martial art.

This paradox is actually easily understandable. If you practise Taijiquan as a dance, which in my opinion is not a wise thing to do and moreover is insulting to all the great Taijiquan masters in the past who have bequieted to us this wonderful martial art, you will get the benefits that a dance will give, such as elegant movement, loosening joints and gentle blood circulation. But if you wish to have the kind of radiant physical, emotional and mental health that characterize accomplished martial artists, you have to practise Taijiquan as a martial art.

Practising Taijiquan as a Martial Art

A martial artist has to be fit and healthy, otherwise he will be unable to fight well, or the martial art he practises is not wholesome. Different martial arts have different ways of training. In some arts, the practitioners have to strike sandbags, lift weights and often sustain hits in sparring. If you want powerful strikes, strong muscles and do not mind some injury sustained in sparring (which is often unattended to), you may choose such martial arts.

But if you prefer a more gentle approach to developing power and stamina, as well as calmness and mental freshness (which are not readily found in martial arts that emphasize aggressiveness and brutality), practising Taijiquan as a martial art is an excellent choice. Hits are sometimes sustained in Taijiquan sparring too, but unlike in many other martail arts where such hits are routinely left untreated, such accidental injury which is far less often in Taijiquan than in most other arts, is relieved by the internal energy flow which forms an integral part of Taijiquan training.

How can a student tell whether he is practising Taijiquan as a dance or as a martial art? It is actually quite easy, although it is amazing how very few students have given a thought to it. If much of the training time is given to performing beautiful external forms, with little or no training to develop internal force and combat efficiency, it is likely to be a Taiji dance. If after learning the external forms, the onus of the training is to develop internal force and combat efficiency, Taijiquan is practised as a martial art, which was also the way all great Taijiquan masters practised it in the past.

Taijiquan for Spiritual Cultivation

Yet, more than an excellent martial art, Taijiquan is a programme for spiritual cultivation, irrespective of race, culture and religion. Of course, not many people are ready for, or interested in, spiritual cultivation; that is the reason why this spiritual aspect of Taijiquan is seldom discussed and little known. Actually, spiritual cultivation was the original aim of Taijiquan when it was first evolved from Shaolin Kungfu by Zhang San Feng. The concern of this great Taoist master far surpassed petty fighting; he developed Taijiquan to further his spiritual quest to merge with the Great Void.

Some Taijiquan exponents, especially those of the Chen style, regonize Chen Wang Ting instead of Zhang San Feng as the First Patriarch of Taijiquan. Chen Wang Ting was a great scholar-general at the end of the Ming Dynasty. If you examine his poems you can find much evidence that his main concern, like that of Zhang San Feng a few centuries before him, was spiritual development rather than martial efficiency. The following lines from his poem are illustrative:

Practising Taijiquan is helpful if you are interested in spiritual cultivation. If you can attain the advanced level of Taijiquan training whereby your form, energy flow and mind have beome one, you may have direct experiences that you are actually more than your physical body, thus giving you experiential result of spiritual cultivation which many people merely read about in books.

Taijiquan in combat

Using "Dodge Extend Hand" to counter a high kick

If you have any suggestions or questions, please e-mail Sifu Wong Kiew Kit. Please state your name and country as well as mention this webpage as reference.

You can view a selection of Sifu Wong's answers to readers' questions at Question-Answer Series.

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